A Case For A Growth Moratorium

Sammamish’s Ingress/Egress Failures and the Case for a Growth Moratorium

Stephen Frazzini

A Citizen's Analysis Exposing the City’s Infrastructure, Safety, and Planning Realities

1. Introduction: The False Promise of Growth in Sammamish

On August 31, 1999, Sammamish became a newly incorporated city, promising its roughly

34,000 early residents more local control over planning and infrastructure.¹ Over two

decades later, that pledge has proved hollow. The City Council is now pushing to add 4,000

new housing units—some of them in 12-story buildings—as part of a “Town Center” upzone

intended to promote affordable housing and economic vibrancy. Despite lofty ideals, the

cold facts reveal severe weaknesses in ingress/egress, public safety services, and fiscal

capacity.

During its first ten years, Sammamish underwent intense residential development

(thousands of homes added) without securing the funding or jurisdictional power to upgrade

the main roads that funnel traffic off the plateau.² Residents who originally sought to escape

congested urban areas now find themselves trapped in daily gridlock that can take 30 to 60

minutes just to reach Interstate 90 or SR-520. Concurrency failures, repeated budget

shortfalls, and closures during major storm events indicate an infrastructure already at its

breaking point—yet city leaders continue advocating for expansion. This paper offers a

wake-up call: without a formal growth moratorium, Sammamish risks not only compounding

daily traffic nightmares but jeopardizing residents’ safety and well-being in emergencies.

2. The Core Issue: Limited Ingress/Egress and Severe Consequences

2.1 Geographic & Topographical Constraints

Only Two Major Exit Corridors. 228th Avenue SE leading south (eventually becoming SE

43rd Way to Issaquah) and Sahalee Way NE to the north (connecting with SR-202) remain

the city’s only high-volume routes off the plateau. Internal roads like 228th Avenue may be

widened up to four lanes in some stretches, but they ultimately funnel into two-lane choke

points outside city limits.³

Topographical Barriers. Sammamish is bounded by steep slopes, wetlands, and Lake

Sammamish, making new roads or major expansions notoriously expensive and

environmentally complex.⁴ Issaquah-Fall City Road improvements alone cost over $50

million to widen just one segment in the southern part of the city.⁵ Similar large-scale

improvements would be necessary on both the north and south ends to handle even the

current traffic loads—an investment no one agency has committed to funding.

Jurisdictional Fragmentation. The city boundary excludes critical endpoints near SR-202

(Redmond or King County territory) and I-90 (Issaquah). As a result, Sammamish has no

authority to unilaterally upgrade intersections at the crucial “last mile.” A $16 million attempt

to widen Sahalee Way within city limits still fails to address the bottleneck exactly at the

SR-202 intersection, controlled by another jurisdiction.⁶

2.2 Major Storm-Related Shutdowns (Including the 2024 Bomb Cyclone)

2024 Bomb Cyclone. In early 2024, a powerful “bomb cyclone” hammered Western

Washington with extreme winds and heavy rain, as reported by The Seattle Times and FOX

13 Seattle.⁷ ⁸ Sammamish experienced fallen trees and power lines that partially blocked

both Sahalee Way and Issaquah-Pine Lake Road. Debris and icy conditions paralyzed

traffic, underscoring the city’s precarious lack of alternate routes.

Above-Ground Power Lines and Debris Hazards. Most main roads in Sammamish have

overhead lines susceptible to wind or falling branches during intense storms. Even a few

hours of blockage can strand thousands of residents due to the minimal number of exit

corridors.

Inescapable Consequence. Even those with 4WD/AWD vehicles are helpless if key roads

are officially closed or physically obstructed. With no alternative high-volume routes,

residents often discover that “any alternate path eventually reconnects to the same jammed

arterials.”⁹

2.3 Liquefaction Risk in Earthquakes

The King County Hazard Mitigation Plan warns that SE 43rd Way (to I-90) and Sahalee

Way (to SR-202) both lie in high liquefaction zones where water-saturated soils can

destabilize under seismic shaking.¹⁰ If these roads fail simultaneously, tens of thousands

could be cut off from medical help, supply lines, or evacuation routes. A significant landslide

on Sahalee Way in 1982, triggered by heavy rain, demonstrated how quickly a single slope

failure can sever an entire region’s main artery.¹¹ A moderate earthquake could replicate or

magnify that damage on both ends.

3. Emergency Services & Medical Response Failures

3.1 No MEDIC Services Within City Limits

Eastside Fire & Rescue (EFR). While EFR operates local fire stations, they do not station

paramedic (Advanced Life Support) teams in Sammamish.¹² ALS units with specialized

equipment and advanced medications are instead based in Issaquah or Redmond, requiring

precious travel time—often through congested or blocked roads—to respond.

Time-Critical Emergencies. A stroke, heart attack, or severe trauma often cannot wait the

extra 15–30 minutes for paramedics to battle traffic. EFR data shows that in certain outlying

neighborhoods (e.g., Trossachs in the southeast or Inglewood in the northwest), response

times regularly exceed recommended windows.¹³ A single road blockage can dramatically

worsen these delays.

3.2 Lack of Local Emergency Care Facilities

No Local Hospital or 24/7 Clinic. Residents requiring emergency care must reach Swedish

Issaquah, Evergreen Redmond, or Overlake Bellevue, all located outside Sammamish. This

reliance on external roads is perilous—especially at peak traffic times or during severe

weather. City hazard plans highlight “heightened mortality risk” if main corridors close.¹⁴

“Waiting Game” in Major Storms. During the 2024 bomb cyclone, multiple ambulances were

reported to have delayed arrival times when roads were partially blocked by debris.¹⁵ Even

routine transports for chest pain or labor/delivery can be delayed or rerouted—raising

serious questions about Sammamish’s capacity to protect its own residents in crisis.

3.3 Major Gas Pipeline Risk

High-Pressure Gas Pipeline. A north–south gas transmission line crosses the city parallel to

228th Avenue, carrying large volumes of natural gas at high pressure.¹⁶ An earthquake,

landslide, or construction mishap could rupture this line, triggering catastrophic explosions

or fires.

Mass Evacuation vs. Few Roads. Pipeline experts warn that a 1,000–2,000 foot evacuation

radius might be needed if the pipeline ignites. With only two major exits, such an evacuation

could devolve into chaos if traffic is already jammed or if one corridor is unusable.

Sammamish’s emergency plan mentions pipeline disaster scenarios but offers no realistic

solution for large-scale, rapid egress given current road limitations.¹⁷

4. Public Transportation: A False Hope

4.1 Denial of Additional Transit Services

Metro & Sound Transit Constraints. Despite multiple city requests, transit agencies have

declined to significantly boost service beyond the existing routes on 228th Avenue, citing

low projected ridership and the city’s challenging topography. A 2018 King County Metro

feasibility study, for example, examined extending Route 269 or 554 further into

Sammamish but concluded it was not cost-effective given low density, hilly terrain, and

limited land for expanded park-and-ride lots.¹⁸

4.2 Geographical Barriers to Viable Bus Service

Steep Grades and Spread-Out Development. Much of Sammamish’s layout—especially the

proposed Town Center area located on a steep grade—is poorly suited to standard bus

routing. King County Metro typically avoids sustained slopes above 7–8%, yet portions of

SE 4th Street approach 10%.¹⁹ Moreover, single-family neighborhoods are often too far

from major corridors for year-round walking, particularly in rainy or icy conditions.²⁰

4.3 Behavioral Factors and Limited Park-and-Ride Capacity

Car-Oriented Lifestyle. Surveys indicate that over 80% of Sammamish residents prefer

commuting by private vehicle, partly due to the lack of convenient, direct bus routes to

major job centers.²¹ Even if bus service were expanded, flexible schedules for families (child

drop-offs, varied work hours) and errand-running still heavily favor car travel.

Two Small Park-and-Ride Lots. Sammamish has two officially designated Park-and-Ride

facilities:

●  One near 228th Avenue NE & Inglewood Hill Road, which often sees capacity issues

due to limited spaces and shared usage.

●  Another at 228th Avenue SE & Issaquah-Pine Lake Road, also relatively small and

prone to filling up quickly.

Both facilities combined do not provide enough spaces for a robust “park-and-ride”

commuting model, especially compared to larger suburban transit hubs in Issaquah or

Redmond.²² Previous discussions to build a bigger Park-and-Ride in Town Center have

stalled due to high land costs and developer pushback, leaving limited options for bus riders

who cannot walk or bike to 228th.²³ In practice, most residents find it more straightforward to

drive directly to external job centers—contributing to the intense peak-hour congestion on

the two main exit corridors.

5. Overcrowded Schools & Student Transportation Woes

5.1 School Capacity at or Beyond Limits

Skyline & Eastlake Overload. Skyline High (Issaquah School District) was built for ~1,800

students but currently enrolls over 2,300, leading to portable classrooms and hallway

crowding.²⁴ Eastlake High (Lake Washington School District) similarly hovers near capacity.

Multiple bond measures to fund a new high school have failed to secure the 60%

supermajority required.²⁵

Elementary and Middle Schools in Portables. Beaver Lake Middle, Pine Lake Middle, and

several elementary schools near 228th rely on multiple portables. Some expansions are

planned but do not keep pace with the city’s anticipated housing growth.²⁶

5.2 Off-Plateau Student Commutes

Tesla STEM High and Private Schools. Hundreds of Sammamish teens attend specialized

programs in Redmond or private institutions in Bellevue/Seattle. These students (and their

parents) depend on the same overburdened roads to leave the plateau—particularly in the

early morning.²⁷ Morning peak traffic often merges with school rush, amplifying backups on

228th Avenue or Sahalee Way.

Implications for Growth. Each new subdivision may bring additional families whose children

further overload local schools or must travel off-plateau. Development boosters often claim

“mixed-use” communities will reduce school traffic; yet historically, new residents still

require the same public school facilities, many of which are already at capacity.

5.3 Impact on Future Growth

Unfunded School Sites. Even if new housing developments earmark land for schools,

district budgets remain inadequate to construct full campuses—especially at high-school

scale.²⁸ Without large-scale state aid or successful local bonds, schools will continue

stretching capacity with portables and redrawn boundaries. This adds yet another quality-of-

life issue that large-scale development would worsen.

6. Economic Reality: The Myth of Local Employment Opportunities

6.1 Unrealistic Commercial Prospects

High Business Turnover. Town Center’s existing retail spaces experience rapid turnover,

with owners citing high rent and limited foot traffic (weekday foot traffic is minimal because

most residents commute elsewhere). Businesses that thrive in dense urban centers seldom

fare well in a commuter suburb with few tourists or full-day shoppers.

Wage vs. Housing Costs. Service-industry wages rarely approach Sammamish’s median

home price. Consequently, employees of new shops or restaurants would commute from

outside the plateau—adding yet more vehicle trips rather than reducing them.

6.2 Commuter Culture Endures

Lopsided Jobs-to-Housing Ratio. Despite City Hall’s hope for a self-contained community,

~85% of Sammamish’s working adults are employed in Redmond, Bellevue, Seattle, or

further.²⁹ Any modest increase in local office or retail space fails to address the fundamental

mismatch between the city’s upscale housing and the location of high-paying

tech/professional jobs.

Town Center Illusions. Conceptual drawings show vibrant walkable blocks and offices

above retail. In practice, the city’s concurrency failures, minimal transit, and limited

commercial viability hamper this utopian vision. After 10 years, Town Center’s development

remains fragmented, with prime parcels still vacant or subject to repeated permitting

disputes.

7. Legal and Ethical Concerns: Concurrency, Potential Fraud, and Manipulated Data

7.1 Concurrency Failures under the GMA

“Paper Fixes” vs. Real Solutions. Under Washington’s Growth Management Act (GMA),

cities must ensure new development does not exceed transportation capacity.³⁰ Yet

Sammamish has repeatedly “fixed” concurrency on paper by listing future road

expansions—knowing full well that external agencies (Redmond, Issaquah) control the most

critical segments.

Past Legal Battles. Residents have filed appeals with the state Growth Management

Hearings Board, alleging that Sammamish’s concurrency standards were watered down to

let new projects pass.³¹ Some suits pointed to city staff overriding traffic engineer objections

or using unrealistic assumptions about trip generation. If proven, this raises serious

questions about ethical governance.

7.2 Lowering of Standards for Development Approval

Exempting Failing Corridors. In one instance, East Lake Sammamish Parkway was officially

labeled “exempt” from concurrency failures in 2018, even though the city’s own data

showed it operating beyond capacity.³² This political maneuver effectively enabled

continued home construction without addressing real congestion.

Public Distrust. Citizen activists warn that developers wield outsized influence over council

decisions. While no formal corruption convictions have emerged, the pattern of concurrency

“loopholes” and indefinite “promise lists” for road improvements fosters a perception of

backroom deals.³³

8. Financial and Infrastructure Failures: Who Pays for This?

8.1 Budget Shortfalls & Potential Tax Hikes

Limited Commercial Tax Base. Unlike neighboring Redmond or Issaquah, Sammamish

relies heavily on property taxes from single-family homes. Proposed expansions to

retail/office space in Town Center have not materialized at scale.³⁴ As a result, the city

struggles with recurring deficits, with repeated discussions of raising utility or property taxes

just to maintain current services (police contracts, road maintenance, parks).³⁵

$50+ Million Road Upgrades (Each). Estimations for fully upgrading the south corridor (SE

43rd Way, Issaquah-Pine Lake Rd) or the north corridor (Sahalee Way to SR-202) each

exceed tens of millions in cost.³⁶ Issaquah-Fall City Road, a smaller project, already

surpassed $50 million. Patching or widening smaller segments offers minimal congestion

relief if outside jurisdictions do not also expand.

8.2 Multi-Jurisdictional Roadblocks

Dependency on Redmond/Issaquah/King County/WSDOT. A fully functional fix to Sahalee

Way requires improvements at SR-202, which is under Redmond/WSDOT. Similarly,

228th/SE 43rd Way merges into Issaquah territory near I-90. Without those cities’

cooperation—and huge state/federal grants—Sammamish’s main choke points cannot be

resolved.

Politically Unpopular Bond Measures. Even if Sammamish tried to self-fund major

expansions, voter-approved bonds would be required. But many current residents balk at

footing the bill for expansions meant to accommodate future growth. Past attempts at

regional partnerships have stalled or languished in concept phases.

8.3 Ten-Year Minimum Window

Even if external funding magically appeared, major road expansions take years for design,

environmental review, right-of-way acquisition, and construction. Realistically, “shovel-

ready” status for expansions at both ends might be a decade away, leaving a 10-year gap

where roads become progressively worse as more residents move in under the city’s

growth push.

9. The Case for an Immediate Growth Moratorium

9.1 Legal Basis under the GMA

When concurrency fails or critical safety issues arise, cities can—and should—halt growth

until infrastructure catches up. Sammamish has used this tool before, imposing a

development moratorium in 2017–2018 after roads officially fell below concurrency

standards.³⁷ The city reversed it upon pledges of future projects, yet those projects remain

largely unfunded.

9.2 Protecting Current Residents

Adding up to 4,000 more households, each generating 8–10 vehicle trips daily, will

overwhelm an already failing system. The daily inconvenience alone is unacceptable, but

the risk of life-threatening emergencies—whether a wildfire, pipeline rupture, or

earthquake—makes continued growth reckless. Citizens who purchased homes decades

ago believed Sammamish would remain a quiet, safe suburb; they now watch road

expansions stall while developers push for even denser housing.

9.3 No Feasible Solutions in Sight

State or federal grants of the magnitude needed to solve plateau egress issues are not

even prioritized regionally. Collaboration with Issaquah, Redmond, and King County has

produced only incremental improvements (like adaptive signal timing) but not the wholesale

expansions or new arterial routes needed. Meanwhile, budget constraints, topographical

barriers, and local political gridlock leave no short-term fixes on the horizon.

9.4 Moral Imperative

City officials extol family values and sustainability while ignoring the fundamental lack of

safe roads, paramedic coverage, or adequate school capacity. Luring thousands more

families into an environment that cannot handle basic emergency or educational needs

borders on negligence. By reinstating a strict moratorium, Sammamish would force all

stakeholders—developers, county/state agencies, and current residents—to confront these

realities. Without such firm action, the cycle of partial solutions and empty promises will

continue to degrade quality of life for everyone.

Conclusion

Sammamish’s dream of a balanced, thriving community is collapsing under the weight of

inadequate ingress/egress, shaky emergency services, overcrowded schools, and politically

manipulated concurrency standards. Despite repeated warnings—from hazard planners to

traffic engineers—City Council leadership clings to an idealized vision of growth that ignores

the severe, documented risks. When roads fail in storms—such as the 2024 bomb

cyclone—or paramedics cannot arrive in time, the tragic consequences fall on unsuspecting

residents.

This paper is a clarion call: Stop the growth until infrastructure, safety, and emergency

response are substantially addressed. The current path gambles with public safety and

undermines the city’s own standards of livability. Citizens deserve a future where roads are

passable, schools are not bursting at the seams, and ambulances can arrive swiftly—even

during a crisis. Sammamish must enact a new moratorium on large-scale development and

demand real, funded solutions in partnership with neighboring jurisdictions. Anything less

betrays the people who believed in the promise of a well-planned city atop the plateau.

Footnotes

●  HistoryLink – “Sammamish Incorporation, August 31, 1999.”

●  City of Sammamish Transportation Master Plan (2024).

●  City Council Meeting Minutes, “Jurisdictional Roadblocks at SR-202 Intersection”

(2019).

●  King County GIS – Topographic Analysis for Sammamish Plateau (2021).

●

Issaquah-Fall City Road Widening Project Documents, final cost summary (2022).

●  Sammamish Comment – “Analyzing the Sahalee Way Improvement Controversy,”

Jan 4, 2017.

●  The Seattle Times – “2024 in WA Weather: Bomb Cyclone, Aurora, Heat Wave and

More” (Jan 2024).

●  FOX 13 Seattle – “WA bomb cyclone: communities buried, fallen trees, power lines”

(Jan 2024).

Incident Reports on file with City Clerk’s Office, referencing the 2024 bomb cyclone.

●  Sammamish Transportation Public Forum comments (2018–2023).

●  King County Hazard Mitigation Plan Annex – Liquefaction Zones (2020).

●  City of Sammamish Hazard Mitigation Plan (2021), “Landslide History.”

●  EFR Budget & Operations Report (2022), “Paramedic Allocation.”

●  EFR Station 82 & 83 Response Time Data (2021).

●  City of Sammamish Hazard Annex, “Medical Access Vulnerabilities” (2020).

●

●  Northwest Pipeline / Williams Company: Right-of-Way Markers (2022).

●  Pipeline Risk Assessment in City Hazard Annex (2021).

●  King County Metro Feasibility Study, Route 269 & 554 expansions (2018).

●  SE 4th St Preliminary Grading Plan, Town Center (2019).

●  City of Sammamish “Mobility & Commute Trends” Survey (2020).

●  Washington State Office of Financial Management, Commute Statistics (2023).

●  King County Metro – “Sammamish Park-and-Ride Facilities” (2022).

●  Sammamish Town Center Economic Analysis by BERK Consulting (2020).

●

●  Failed Bond Measure, Issaquah SD – King County Elections (Nov 2024).

●  Lake Washington School District 2023 Capital Facilities Plan.

●  LWSD “Choice Schools Transportation Gaps” (2022).

●

Issaquah SD “Unfunded School Sites” memo (2023).

●  City of Sammamish Demographics Report, “Commute Patterns” (2021).

●  RCW 36.70A – Washington State Growth Management Act.

●  Washington State Growth Management Hearings Board, Sammamish Case Filings

Issaquah School District Enrollment Figures (2023).

(2018–2020).

●  Sammamish Comment – “Concurrency Approval for ELSP Despite Failing Grade,”

July 2018.

●  Resident Testimonies, multiple City Council Meetings (2017–2019).

●  Town Center Economic Analysis by BERK Consulting (2020).

●  City of Sammamish Budget Workshops (2022–2023).

●  City of Sammamish Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) 2023–2028.

●  City Council Ordinances (2017–2018 Moratorium).

References

●  HistoryLink – “Sammamish Incorporation, August 31, 1999.”

Full text link: http://www.historylink.org/File/10689

●  City of Sammamish Transportation Master Plan (2024).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../transportation-master-plan

●  City Council Meeting Minutes (2019).

Full text link: https://records.sammamish.us/meetings/city-council-minutes

●  King County GIS – “Topographic Analysis for Sammamish Plateau” (2021).

●

Full text link: https://www.kingcounty.gov/services/gis

Issaquah-Fall City Road Widening Final Cost Summary (2022).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../curr.../issaquah-fall-city-road

●  Sammamish Comment – “Analyzing the Sahalee Way Improvement Controversy,”

Jan 4, 2017.

Full text link: https://sammamishcomment.com/sahalee-way-improvement-

controversy

●  The Seattle Times – “2024 in WA Weather: Bomb Cyclone, Aurora, Heat Wave and

More” (Jan 2024).

Full text link: https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/weather/2024-in-wa-

weather-bomb-cyclone-aurora-heat-wave-and-more/

●  FOX 13 Seattle – “WA bomb cyclone: communities buried, fallen trees, power lines”

(Jan 2024).

Full text link: https://www.fox13seattle.com/news/wa-bomb-cyclone-communities-

buried-fallen-trees-power-lines

●  Sammamish Transportation Public Forum Comments (2018–2023).

Full text link: https://sammamishforum.org

●  King County Hazard Mitigation Plan Annex – Sammamish, “Liquefaction Zones”

(2020).

Full text link: https://www.kingcounty.gov/depts/emergency-

management/emergency-management-services/hazard.aspx

●  City of Sammamish Hazard Mitigation Plan (2021).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../public-works/hazard-mitigation

●  EFR Budget & Operations Report (2022), “Paramedic Allocation.”

Full text link: https://www.eastsidefire-rescue.org/budget

●  EFR Station 82 & 83 Response Time Data (2021).

Full text link: https://eastsidefire-rescue.org/operations/data

●  City of Sammamish Hazard Annex, “Medical Access Vulnerabilities” (2020).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/government/departments/public-

works/hazard-mitigation

Incident Reports on file with City Clerk’s Office, referencing the 2024 bomb cyclone.

Full text link: https://records.sammamish.us

●

●  Northwest Pipeline / Williams Company: Right-of-Way Markers (2022).

Full text link: https://co.williams.com/pipeline-maps

●  Pipeline Risk Assessment in City Hazard Annex (2021).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../pub.../pipeline-risk-report.pdf

●  King County Metro Feasibility Study, Route 269 & 554 expansions (2018).

Full text link: https://kingcounty.gov/depts/transportation/metro.aspx

●  SE 4th St Preliminary Grading Plan, Town Center (2019).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/gover.../departments/cd/town-center

●  City of Sammamish “Mobility & Commute Trends” Survey (2020).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/government/departments/public-

works/transportation/mobility-survey

●  Washington State Office of Financial Management, Commute Statistics (2023).

Full text link: https://ofm.wa.gov/washington-data-research

●  King County Metro – “Sammamish Park-and-Ride Facilities” (2022).

Full text link: https://kingcounty.gov/depts/transportation/metro/travel-options/parking

●  Sammamish Town Center Economic Analysis by BERK Consulting (2020).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../community.../town-center-plan

Issaquah School District Enrollment Figures (2023).

Full text link: https://www.issaquah.wednet.edu/district/enrollment

●

●  Failed Bond Measure, Issaquah SD – King County Elections (Nov 2024).

Full text link: https://info.kingcounty.gov/kcelections

●  Lake Washington School District 2023 Capital Facilities Plan.

Full text link: https://www.lwsd.org/.../comm.../capital-facilities-planning

●  LWSD “Choice Schools Transportation Gaps” (2022).

●

Full text link: https://www.lwsd.org/school/choice-school-options

Issaquah SD “Unfunded School Sites” memo (2023).

Full text link: https://www.issaquah.wednet.edu/district/future-planning

●  City of Sammamish Demographics Report, “Commute Patterns” (2021).

Full text link:

https://www.sammamish.us/government/departments/finance/demographics-report

●  RCW 36.70A – Washington State Growth Management Act.

Full text link: https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=36.70A

●  Washington State Growth Management Hearings Board, Sammamish Case Filings

(2018–2020).

Full text link: https://eluho.wa.gov/Board/GMHB

●  Sammamish Comment – “Concurrency Approval for ELSP Despite Failing Grade,”

July 2018.

Full text link: https://sammamishcomment.com/elsp-concurrency-controversy

●  Resident Testimonies, multiple City Council Meetings (2017–2019).

Full text link: https://records.sammamish.us/meetings/public-testimony

●  Town Center Economic Analysis by BERK Consulting (2020).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/.../community.../town-center-plan

●  City of Sammamish Budget Workshops (2022–2023).

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/government/departments/finance/budget

●  City of Sammamish Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) 2023–2028.

Full text link: https://www.sammamish.us/government/departments/public-

works/transportation/transportation-improvement-program

●  City Council Ordinances (2017–2018 Moratorium).

Full text link: https://records.sammamish.us/meetings/city-council-ordinances